返回 【经济学人】放心吧!巧克力会有的!

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一个处在南部波克夏郡田野里的巨大温室看似不大可能是一个地方来解决全球巧克力产业供应问题。但是位于雷丁大学的国际可可检疫中心的一个新设施正试图做的就是那个。位于Arborfield村,比起Willie Wonka(童话风),它更像David Attenborough(纪录片风),一排排可可植物处在电脑控制暖房,感觉像一个丛林。研究者们希望它能帮助减少疾病爆发,诸如霜荚果病和扫帚病,(这些病)每年灭掉30%的全球生产。

A large greenhouse in [a] field [in] the southern county of Berkshire seems [an] unlikely /to be the/ place to solve /the/ supply problem[s] [in the] global chocolate industry. Yet a new facility [at] the International Cocoa Quarantine Centre at the University of Leading is trying to do just that. Situated in [the village of] Arborfield, it is more David Attenborough than Willie Wonka, rows of cocoa plants in a computer-controlled hothouse that feels like a jungle. Researchers hope /that/ it can help cut /the/ outbreaks of diseases, such as frosty pod and witches' broom which wipe out 30% of global production every[/each] year.

对于可可产品的需求,尤其是巧克力,正在暴涨。亚太地区现在占据来16%的全球暴食。西方的消费也继续兴旺。

Demand for cocoa [products], especially chocolate, is surging. The Asia-Pacific region /is/ now taking up[/accounts for] 16% of global guzzling. Consumption in the west has continued to bloom[, too].

与此同时,供应则已经挣扎。在2014-15年间,它预期会下降10万吨供不应求,国际可可组织的 Laurent Pipitone 如是说。他说,一些人已经预言过的灾难性巧克力短缺不会发生。但是需求将会继续超过供应,直到2020年。

Supply, meanwhile, has struggled. In 2014-15, it is expected to fall 100,000 tonnes short of demand, says Laurent Pipitone of the International Cocoa Organisation. [The] catastrophic [chocolate] shortage /of chocolate/ that some /people/ [have] predicted will not occur, he says. But demand will continue to outstrip supply until 2020.

这也是ICQC介入的地方。它自从1980年代就一直在检疫可可植物,允许不同种类的可可从一个国家到另一个国家的安全移动,不带疾病的风险。中心供应没有疫病的植物扦插段儿给生产可可的的国家,他们可以交叉授粉来创造新品种,产量更高,抗病性更强。新的设施允许他们更有效率地做所有这一切。

This is also where ICQC comes in. It has been quarantining cocoa plants since the 1980s, allowing the safe movement of different varieties of cocoa from one country to another, without the risk of disease. The centre supplies blight-free cuttings [of plants] to cocoa-producing countries, [where they] can cross-pollinate to create new varieties with higher yields and stronger[/greater] [disease] resistance /to disease/. The new facility allows them to do all this more effectively.

雷丁大学也在帮助生产可可的国家理解好的农学做法,诸如肥料使用、修枝和正确的种植密度。

The University of Reading /is/ also help[s] cocoa-producing countries [to] understand good agronomic practices such as fertliser use, pruning and correct planting density.

8.26

greenhouse/computer-controlled hothouse

field/county/shire/place

solve supply problems

chocolate/cocoa

in the southern county of Berkshire/ in the village of Arborfield

more David Attenborough than Willie Wonka/rows of cocoa plants/feels like a jungle

demand for... is surging/boom

supply has struggled/fall /short of demand/shortage

accounts for

global guzzling/consumption

it is expected /some have predicted

demand will continue to outstrip supply

this is where... comes in

quarantining /allowing the safe movement of

without the risk of disease/blight-free cuttings

cross-pollinated to create new varieties with higher yields and greater disease resistance

understand good agronomic practices/fertiliser use, pruning and correct planting density

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