非法和未报告的捕捞的程度，出于明显的理由，难以估计。皮尤慈善基金会，一家美国研究组织，还是尝试了一番（戳了一下）。它认为餐厅或商店贩卖的5条鱼中大约有一条是法外捕捞的。那可能累计到每年2600吨，价值超过230亿美元。这种非法贸易，虽然并不是过度捕捞的唯一原因，是一个重要的原因。消灭它将会帮助那些资源正在遭到偷窃的国家。它也会帮助保护鱼总量，其中一部分面临灭绝的威胁。它甚至可能缓慢海洋更大范围的灭绝危机的旅程。
The scale of illegal and unreported fishing is, for obvious reasons, difficult to estimate. The Pew Charitable Trusts, an American research group, has nevertheless [had] a stab at it. It reckons that [around] one in five fish sold in restaurants or shops has been caught out[side] [the] law. That may amount/s/ [to] 26 billion tonnes [of them] a[/every] year, worth more than $23 billion. This illegal trade, though not the only reason[/cause] of overfishing, is an important one. Stamping it out would help those countries whose resources are being stolen. It would also help [to] [con]serve fish stock[s], some of which are threatened with extinction. It might [even] slow down the journey [towards] a wider extinction crisis in the oceans.
新的监控系统研发者是卫星应用弹射器（ Catapult），一个由英国政府支持的创新中心，基于哈维尔（Harwell），靠近牛津，和皮尤合作。本质上，它是一个大数据项目，从世界各地运营中的成千上万的渔船中收集并交叉核对信息。在其核心是它的研发者称之为一个虚拟观察室的东西，它就像一个太空任务的控制中心。一面巨大的视频墙壁展示了一副世界地图，显示出成群的亮点，每一个点代表一艘渔船。
The new monitoring system has been developed by [the] Satellite Applications Catapult, a British government-backed innovation centre based [at] Harwell near Oxford, in collaboration with Pew. In essence, it is a big-data project, pulling together and cross-checking information [on] tens of thousands of fishing boats operating all over[/around] the world. At its heart is what its developers call a virtual watch room, [which] like[/resembles] the control centre [for] a space mission. A big[/giant] video wall displays a world map[/a map of the world], showing clusters of lighted dots, each /one of them/ represent[ing] a fishing boat.
用来画这张地图的数据来自各种来源，其中最为重要的是船的自动辨识系统（AIS）。这些就像由飞机所携带的脉冲转发机（transponders）。它们广播一艘船的身份、位置和其他信息给附近的船只和海岸站，以及传给卫星。一个AIS是强制给所有总吨数超过300的商业船只，包括渔船。这类船只也被要求，在很多情况下，携带第二套设备，又名为VMS（船只监控系统）。这传递类似的数据直接给控制船只正在捕捞的水域的当局。
[The] Data used to draw this map come from various sources, the most important of which [are] [ships'] Automatic Identif[iction] System[s], or AIS. These are like transponders carried by aircraft. They broadcast a vessel's identity, location and other information to nearby vessels[/ships] [and] coastal stations and [also] to satellites. An AIS is mandatory for [all] commercial vessels, fishing boats included, with a gross tonnage of over[/more than] 300. These[/Such] vessels[/boats] are also required, in many cases, to carry a second device known as [a] VMS, vessels monitoring system. This transmits similar data directly to the authorities [who control] the waters [in which] the boat[/vessel] is fishing.
9.2
illegal and unreported/outside the law
fishing/overfishing
for obvious reasons
difficult to estimate/have a stab at it
amount to/worth more than
cause/reason
stamp... out
resources/sources
are threatened with extinction/ journey towards a wider extinction crisis
monitor/watch
in collaboration with
In essence/at its heart
develop/developers
resembles/like
a control centre for a space mission
display/show
clusters of lighted dots
automatic identification systems, or AIS/transponders
broadcast/transmit
identity, position and other information
is mandatory for
with a gross tonnage of more than 300
VMS, vessel monitoring system
data/information
authorities who control the waters
